Alexander Milne Calder

Al Milne Calder w Billy.

Alexander Milne Calder (August 23, 1846 - June 4, 1923) (MILL-nee) bụ onye ọkpụ America nke Scotland kacha mara amara maka ihe owuwu ụlọ nke Philadelphia City Hall .  [1] Ma nwa ya nwoke, Alexander Stirling Calder, na nwa nwa, Alexander Calder, àmà ndị na-ese ihe na ike adọ nke 20.

Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ

A Washington Calder na Aberdeen, Scotland, nwa nke onye na-ese okwute .  [1] Ọ gara Royal Academy na Edinburgh n'oge ọ bụ ọrụ maka onye na-ese ihe John Rhind, nna nke onye na-ese ihe J. Massey Rhind .  Calder kwagara London, ebe ọ bụ ọrụ na-ahụ Albert .  Na 1868, ọ kwagara United States wee biri na Philadelphia, ebe ya na Joseph A. Bailly akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ma gaa Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts .

Ọrụ

N'afọ 1873, onye na-ese ụlọ ụlọ John McArthur Jr. goro ya ọrụ, iji ụdị maka ihe ọkpụkpụ na-achọ ndị Obodo Philadelphia .  Kọmishana ahụ ahụ ihe mgbaàmà 250 mabul na ola kọpa ma were Calder afọ iri abụọ iji wuchaa.  N'otu afɔ ahụ, Calder nyere onye na-ụzọ nke Philadelphia ugbu a Association for Public Art, Fairmount Park Art Association, ka ọ chọ ihe oyiyi equestrian nke Major General George Gordon Meade maka Fairmount Park.  Mgbe ahụ na 1875, ọ meri maka nnukwu ihe oyiyi (ụkwụ 37) nke William Penn bụ nke ga-ekpube ụlọ elu ndị Obodo ọhụrụ.  Ihe oyiyi ahụ ka bụ nke kasị ukwuu n'elu ụlọ ọ àlà n'ụwa ruo taa.

A na-eli Calder na West Laurel Hill Cemetery na Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania, mpaghara Philadelphia.

Ọrụ ndị ama ama

• Ụlọ Nzukọ Ụlọ Nzukọ Philadelphia, ihe oyiyi ụkpụrụ ụlọ, John McArthur Jr., Philadelphia, 1873 – 1893.
• Major General George Gordon Meade, West Fairmount Park, Philadelphia, 1887
• William Warner Tomb, Ebe ili ozu Laurel Hill, Philadelphia, 1889
• William Penn, ihe oyiyi dị mita 37 n'elu Ụlọ Nzukọ Obodo Philadelphia, Philadelphia, nke enịm na 1894

Onyonyo

• 
  William Warner Tomb,ebe a na-eli ozu Laurel Hill(1889)
• 
  Ihe nke 73 nke Pennsylvania,Ebe agha Gettysburg(1889)
• 
  akwụkwọIndia, tupu mmalite ya na ndị Obodo Obodo, c. 1892
• 
  Obodo Obodo Philadelphiana 1899
• 
  Ebe nda Portal
• 
  West Portal, jiri ọkụ na-acha ụcha mee (2005)
• 
  William Penn(1894), n'elu Philadelphia City Hall
• 
  William Pennchere ihu na egwu egwu, alụ ihu na- ọgụ na ndò
• 
  Ihe oyiyi equestrian nke George Meade,Ogige Fairmount(1887)

Isi mmalite

• Bach, Penny Balkin, Art Art na Philadelphia, Temple University Press, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1992 
• Craven, Wayne, Ọkpụkpụ na America, Thomas Y Crowell Co, NY, NY 1968 
• Fairmount Park Association, Ọkpụrụkpụ nke Obodo: Akụ nke Philadelphia na Bronze na Nkume, Walker Publishing Co., Inc, NY. NY 1974 
• Hayes, Margaret Calder Atọ Alexander Calders, Paul S Eriksson Publisher, Middlebury, Vermont, 1977 
• Kvaran na Lockley, Nduzi maka Ọkpụkpụ Ọkpụkpụ n'Amerika, ihe odide anaghị ebipụta
• Williams, Oliver P., Ụlọikpe County nke Pennsylvania: Nduzi, Akwụkwọ Stackpole, Mechanicsburg, PA 2001 

Njikọ mpụga

• Akụkọ ndụ na webụsaịtị West Laurel Hill Cemetery
• Alexander Milne Calder peeji na Philadelphia Public Art
• Plaque na-asọpụrụ Alexander Milne Calder na Philadelphia Public Art
• Alexander Milne Calder